London Charterhouse

London Charterhouse - Entrance from Charterhouse Square

London Charterhouse is a historic complex of buildings in Smithfield, London. Originally established as a Carthusian monastery in the 14th century, it has since served various purposes, including a private mansion, a boys' school, and an almshouse, which it remains today.

History

Foundation

The London Charterhouse was founded in 1371 by Sir Walter de Manny, a knight of the Hundred Years' War, and the Bishop of London, Michael Northburgh. The site was initially used as a burial ground for victims of the Black Death in 1348. The monastery was dedicated to the Carthusian Order, a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics.

Dissolution and Aftermath

During the Dissolution of the Monasteries under Henry VIII, the Charterhouse was closed in 1537. The property was granted to Sir Edward North, who converted it into a private mansion. In 1611, it was sold to Thomas Sutton, who established the Charterhouse School and an almshouse for elderly men, known as the Brothers of the Charterhouse.

Modern Era

The Charterhouse School moved to Godalming, Surrey in 1872. The almshouse, however, continues to operate, providing accommodation and care for elderly men and women. The site also houses a museum and is open to the public for guided tours.

Architecture

The London Charterhouse features a mix of architectural styles due to its varied history. The original monastic buildings were constructed in the Gothic style, while later additions reflect Tudor and Jacobean influences. Notable structures include the Great Hall, the Chapel, and the Cloister.

Notable Residents

• Thomas Sutton - Founder of the Charterhouse School and almshouse.
• John Houghton - Prior of the Charterhouse, executed for refusing to acknowledge Henry VIII as head of the Church of England.

Current Use

Today, the London Charterhouse serves as an almshouse and a museum. It offers guided tours, educational programs, and hosts various events. The site is managed by the Charterhouse Trust.

Related Pages

• Carthusian Order
• Dissolution of the Monasteries
• Charterhouse School
• Thomas Sutton
• Smithfield, London