Lymph node dissection

Lymph Node Dissection

Lymph node dissection is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of one or more lymph nodes. It is commonly performed as part of the treatment for various types of cancer, including breast cancer, melanoma, and lung cancer. The procedure is used to determine the extent of cancer spread (also known as staging) and to guide treatment decisions.

Procedure

During a lymph node dissection, the surgeon makes an incision in the skin and removes the lymph nodes. The procedure can be performed under general anesthesia or local anesthesia, depending on the location and number of lymph nodes to be removed. The removed lymph nodes are then sent to a pathology laboratory for examination under a microscope.

Types of Lymph Node Dissection

There are several types of lymph node dissection, including:

• Sentinel lymph node biopsy: This procedure involves the removal of the first lymph node (or nodes) to which cancer is likely to spread from the primary tumor.

• Axillary lymph node dissection: This procedure involves the removal of lymph nodes in the armpit (axilla). It is commonly performed in patients with breast cancer.

• Inguinal lymph node dissection: This procedure involves the removal of lymph nodes in the groin (inguinal region). It is commonly performed in patients with melanoma.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, lymph node dissection carries risks and potential complications. These may include infection, bleeding, lymphedema (swelling caused by a blockage in the lymphatic system), and damage to nearby structures.

See Also

• Lymphatic system
• Cancer staging
• Pathology

Lymph node dissection Resources
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