MYC

MYC is a family of regulator genes and proto-oncogenes that code for transcription factors. The MYC proteins (c-Myc, l-Myc, and n-Myc) are a family of transcription factors in the nucleus of a cell that play important roles in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and cellular transformation.

Function

The MYC gene family consists of three members in humans: c-Myc, l-Myc, and n-Myc. These genes encode for transcription factors that regulate the expression of 15% of all genes through binding on Enhancer Box sequences (E-boxes) and recruiting histone acetyltransferases (HATs). This means that MYC proteins control genes responsible for cell growth and division (proliferation), the process by which a cell matures to carry out specific functions (differentiation), and cell death (apoptosis).

Role in Cancer

MYC genes have been implicated in the formation of many types of cancer, including lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, and myeloid leukaemia. When MYC is overexpressed, it can lead to increased proliferation and reduced differentiation, leading to the formation of cancerous cells.

Clinical Significance

Due to its role in cell proliferation and growth, MYC is a potential target for cancer therapy. Several strategies are being developed to inhibit MYC function, including small molecules, peptides, and RNA interference.

See Also

• Oncogene
• Transcription factor
• Cell cycle
• Apoptosis
• Cancer