Macrocytic anaemia

Macrocytic anaemia is a type of anaemia in which the red blood cells are larger than their normal volume. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, and certain medications.

Causes

Macrocytic anaemia can be caused by a variety of factors. These include:

• Vitamin B12 deficiency: This is a common cause of macrocytic anaemia. Vitamin B12 is necessary for the production of red blood cells, and a deficiency can lead to larger, less efficient cells.

• Folate deficiency: Like vitamin B12, folate is also necessary for the production of red blood cells. A deficiency can lead to macrocytic anaemia.

• Certain medications: Some medications, such as those used to treat HIV or cancer, can cause macrocytic anaemia.

Symptoms

The symptoms of macrocytic anaemia can vary depending on the underlying cause. However, common symptoms include:

• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Pale skin
• Shortness of breath
• Irregular heartbeat

Diagnosis

Macrocytic anaemia is typically diagnosed through a complete blood count (CBC), which measures the size and number of red blood cells in the blood. Additional tests may be performed to determine the underlying cause of the anaemia.

Treatment

Treatment for macrocytic anaemia typically involves addressing the underlying cause. This may involve supplementation with vitamin B12 or folate, or changes to medication.

See also

• Anaemia
• Vitamin B12 deficiency
• Folate deficiency

Macrocytic anaemia Resources
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