Manipur

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Stamp of India - 2014 - Colnect 510569 - Sagol Kangjei

Manipur is a state in northeastern India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. It is bounded by the Indian states of Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south, and Assam to the west; it also shares international borders with Myanmar to the east and south. The state covers an area of 22,327 square kilometers and has a diverse range of ethnic groups and cultures. The official languages are Meitei (also known as Manipuri) and English.

History

Manipur has a rich history that dates back to ancient times. It is mentioned in early texts such as the Mahabharata. Historically, it was a princely state under British rule from 1891 until 1947, when it acceded to the newly independent Union of India. Manipur became a full-fledged state in 1972. The state has experienced ethnic tensions and insurgency issues, which have impacted its development and politics.

Geography

The geography of Manipur is characterized by hilly terrain, with the valley of Imphal being the major flatland area. The state is home to Loktak Lake, the largest freshwater lake in northeastern India, which is known for its phumdis (floating islands). The climate is predominantly subtropical, with mild winters and hot, rainy summers.

Culture

Manipur's culture is a blend of tribal traditions and Hindu customs. The state is renowned for its classical dance form, Manipuri dance, which is one of the major Indian classical dance forms. Other cultural aspects include traditional sports such as Mukna (a form of wrestling) and Sagol Kangjei, which is considered a precursor to modern polo.

Economy

The economy of Manipur is primarily agrarian, with significant contributions from handloom and handicraft industries. The state has struggled with unemployment and underdevelopment, partly due to ongoing ethnic strife and insurgency. However, it has potential for development in tourism, given its natural beauty and cultural heritage.

Demographics

As of the latest census, Manipur has a diverse population comprising various ethnic groups, including the Meiteis, who are the majority community living in the valley regions, and various tribal communities such as the Nagas and Kukis inhabiting the hills. The state has a high literacy rate compared to the national average, with multiple languages spoken, including Meitei, tribal languages, and English.

Education

Manipur has a number of educational institutions, ranging from primary schools to colleges and a university. The Manipur University, located in Imphal, is the central university catering to higher education needs in the state.

Politics

The political landscape of Manipur is marked by a mix of national and regional parties. The state has its own legislative assembly and sends representatives to both houses of the Indian Parliament. Ethnic issues and insurgency have influenced the state's politics significantly.

Tourism

Manipur offers a variety of attractions for tourists, including the Keibul Lamjao National Park, the only floating national park in the world, and the historic Kangla Fort in Imphal. The state's natural landscapes, cultural festivals, and traditional arts and crafts also draw visitors.