Metiprenaline
A sympathomimetic drug
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Metiprenaline, also known as metaproterenol, is a sympathomimetic drug that acts as a bronchodilator. It is primarily used in the treatment of asthma and other conditions associated with bronchospasm.
Pharmacology[edit | edit source]
Metiprenaline is a beta-adrenergic agonist, which means it stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors in the body. These receptors are part of the sympathetic nervous system and are involved in the "fight or flight" response. By activating these receptors, metiprenaline causes the muscles in the airways to relax, leading to bronchodilation and easier breathing.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Metiprenaline selectively targets beta-2 adrenergic receptors located in the bronchial smooth muscle. Upon binding to these receptors, it activates adenylate cyclase, which increases the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Elevated cAMP levels lead to the relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and subsequent dilation of the airways.
Clinical Use[edit | edit source]
Metiprenaline is used in the management of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other conditions characterized by reversible airway obstruction. It is administered via inhalation, which allows for direct delivery to the lungs and rapid onset of action.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of metiprenaline include tremor, nervousness, and tachycardia. These effects are due to its action on beta-adrenergic receptors in other parts of the body, such as the heart and skeletal muscles. Less common side effects include headache, dizziness, and nausea.
Contraindications[edit | edit source]
Metiprenaline should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, hyperthyroidism, or diabetes mellitus. It is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or its components.
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