Microsporum audouinii

Microsporum audouinii is a dermatophyte fungus that is a common cause of tinea capitis, a type of fungal infection that affects the scalp. This fungus was first described by the French physician and mycologist Jean Audouin in the 19th century, and it is named in his honor.

Characteristics

Microsporum audouinii is a filamentous fungus, meaning it forms long, thread-like structures called hyphae. It is a keratinophilic fungus, which means it has the ability to use keratin, a protein found in hair, skin, and nails, as a source of nutrients. This characteristic is what allows it to infect the scalp and hair.

Infection and Symptoms

Infection with Microsporum audouinii typically results in tinea capitis, also known as ringworm of the scalp. Symptoms of this infection can include redness, itching, and scaling of the scalp, as well as hair loss in the affected area. The fungus can also cause a condition known as kerion, a severe inflammatory reaction that can lead to scarring and permanent hair loss.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of Microsporum audouinii infection is typically made through a combination of clinical examination and laboratory testing. The fungus can be identified under a microscope by its characteristic spindle-shaped macroconidia, and it can also be cultured in the laboratory for definitive identification.

Treatment for Microsporum audouinii infection typically involves the use of antifungal medications, such as griseofulvin or terbinafine. In severe cases, it may be necessary to use a combination of oral and topical antifungal medications.

Epidemiology

Microsporum audouinii was once the most common cause of tinea capitis in Europe and North America, but it has been largely replaced by Trichophyton tonsurans in recent years. However, it remains a significant cause of tinea capitis in certain parts of the world, particularly in Africa.

See Also

• Dermatophytosis
• Tinea capitis
• Trichophyton tonsurans