Trichophyton tonsurans

Trichophyton tonsurans

Micrograph of Trichophyton tonsurans

Colony morphology of Trichophyton tonsurans

Trichophyton tonsurans is a fungus that is a common cause of dermatophytosis, particularly tinea capitis, which is an infection of the scalp. It is an anthropophilic fungus, meaning it primarily infects humans.

Description

Trichophyton tonsurans is characterized by its ability to invade the keratinized tissues of the body, such as the skin, hair, and nails. The fungus produces macroconidia and microconidia, with the latter being more common. The colonies of T. tonsurans are typically flat, with a suede-like texture and can vary in color from white to yellowish-brown.

Pathogenicity

Trichophyton tonsurans is a major cause of tinea capitis, especially in children. The infection is highly contagious and can spread through direct contact with an infected person or through contact with contaminated objects such as combs, hats, or towels. Symptoms of tinea capitis include itching, scaling, and hair loss in the affected area.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Trichophyton tonsurans infection is typically made through clinical examination and confirmed by laboratory tests. Microscopy and culture of skin scrapings or hair samples can be used to identify the fungus. Molecular techniques such as PCR may also be employed for more accurate identification.

Treatment

Treatment of infections caused by Trichophyton tonsurans usually involves the use of antifungal medications. Oral antifungals such as griseofulvin or terbinafine are commonly prescribed for tinea capitis. Topical antifungal treatments may also be used in conjunction with oral medications.

Epidemiology

Trichophyton tonsurans is found worldwide but is more prevalent in certain regions. It is a leading cause of tinea capitis in North America and parts of Europe. The fungus is particularly common in urban areas and among populations with close living conditions.

Prevention

Preventive measures include maintaining good personal hygiene, avoiding sharing personal items, and treating infected individuals promptly to prevent the spread of the fungus. Regular cleaning and disinfection of potentially contaminated objects can also help reduce transmission.

Related pages

• Dermatophyte
• Tinea capitis
• Fungal infection

References

• Gupta, A. K., & Summerbell, R. C. (2000). "Increased incidence of Trichophyton tonsurans tinea capitis in Ontario, Canada between 1985 and 1996." Medical Mycology, 38(2), 155-162.
• Hay, R. J., & Moore, M. K. (2004). "Mycology of scalp ringworm." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 50(1), 1-20.

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  Trichophyton tonsurans under a microscope

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  Colony of Trichophyton tonsurans

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  Brodmann area map