Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L10

Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L10 (MRPL10) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL10 gene. This protein is a component of the mitochondrial ribosome, which is specialized for the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins. Mitochondrial ribosomes, or mitoribosomes, are crucial for the cell's energy production, as they translate messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences that encode for proteins involved in the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation pathway.

Function

Mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) are essential for mitochondrial DNA maintenance, RNA processing, and the translation of mitochondrial mRNAs. MRPL10, as part of the large subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome, plays a critical role in the synthesis of mitochondrial-encoded proteins. These proteins are integral to the mitochondrion's function as the powerhouse of the cell, generating most of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation.

Structure

The structure of MRPL10, like other mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, is adapted to function within the unique environment of the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes are distinct from their cytoplasmic counterparts in both their protein composition and their RNA content. The MRPL10 protein contributes to the structural integrity and function of the large subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome.

Genetic Information

The MRPL10 gene is located on the human chromosome, where it encodes the MRPL10 protein. Mutations in this gene can affect mitochondrial protein synthesis, potentially leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and associated diseases.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the MRPL10 gene or its protein product can have significant implications for cellular energy metabolism and may contribute to the pathogenesis of various mitochondrial diseases. These diseases are characterized by dysfunction in mitochondrial energy production and can affect multiple organ systems, leading to a wide range of clinical symptoms.

See Also

• Mitochondrial DNA
• Ribosome
• Protein synthesis
• Mitochondrial disease