Mononitrotoluene

Mononitrotoluene (MNT) is a class of nitro compounds derived from toluene. It is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₇H₇NO₂. There are three isomers of mononitrotoluene, which differ by the position of the nitro group (-NO₂) on the toluene ring: ortho- (2-), meta- (3-), and para- (4-) mononitrotoluene.

Chemical Properties

Mononitrotoluene is a yellowish liquid at room temperature. It is less dense than water and insoluble in water. It is used as a precursor for the manufacture of dyes, explosives, and pharmaceuticals.

Production

Mononitrotoluene is produced by the nitration of toluene. This process involves the reaction of toluene with nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The resulting mixture of mononitrotoluene isomers is then separated by distillation.

Health Effects

Exposure to mononitrotoluene can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It can also cause headaches, dizziness, and nausea. Long-term exposure can lead to more serious health effects such as liver and kidney damage.

Environmental Impact

Mononitrotoluene is a persistent organic pollutant. It is not easily degraded in the environment and can accumulate in the soil and water. This can lead to harmful effects on wildlife and the environment.

See Also

• Toluene
• Nitro compound
• Persistent organic pollutant