Muscle contracture

Muscle Contracture is a permanent shortening of a muscle or joint. It is usually in response to prolonged hypertonic spasticity in a concentrated muscle area, such as is seen in the tightest muscles of people with conditions like spastic cerebral palsy.

Causes

Muscle contractures can occur in various conditions, including neurological disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and connective tissue disorders. They can also be caused by prolonged immobility, such as bed rest or wearing a cast.

Symptoms

The symptoms of muscle contracture depend on the specific muscle or joint involved. They can include limited range of motion, pain, and deformity of the joint. In severe cases, muscle contractures can lead to disability.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of muscle contracture is usually made based on a physical examination and the patient's medical history. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI, may be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the contracture.

Treatment

Treatment for muscle contracture typically involves physical therapy, including stretching exercises and heat therapy. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to release the contracture. Medications, such as muscle relaxants, may also be used to help manage symptoms.

Prevention

Prevention of muscle contracture involves regular movement and exercise, especially in people who are at high risk. This includes people with neurological or musculoskeletal disorders, and those who are bedridden.

See also

• Muscle tone
• Spasticity
• Physical therapy