Myosin-2
Myosin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYH2 gene. It is a member of the myosin superfamily, a group of motor proteins that are essential for muscle contraction and a wide range of other cellular processes.
Structure[edit | edit source]
Myosin-2 is a hexameric protein composed of two heavy chains and four light chains. The heavy chains have a molecular weight of approximately 200,000 Daltons each, while the light chains have a molecular weight of approximately 20,000 Daltons each. The heavy chains form a coiled-coil structure that is responsible for the protein's motor activity, while the light chains regulate this activity.
Function[edit | edit source]
Myosin-2 is a motor protein that converts chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into mechanical work. It does this by binding to actin filaments and undergoing a conformational change that results in the movement of the actin filament relative to the myosin-2 molecule. This movement is the basis for muscle contraction and many other cellular processes.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
Mutations in the MYH2 gene can lead to a variety of muscle disorders, including congenital myopathy and myosin storage myopathy. These disorders are characterized by muscle weakness and wasting, and can be life-threatening in severe cases.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD