National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Keck Center of the National Academies

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) are a collective of private, nonprofit institutions in the United States that provide expert advice on some of the most pressing challenges facing the nation and the world today. These institutions operate under a congressional charter and are dedicated to the advancement of science, engineering, and medicine for the public good. The NASEM comprises three distinct academies: the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), the National Academy of Engineering (NAE), and the National Academy of Medicine (NAM).

History

The oldest of the three academies, the NAS, was signed into being by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863, with a mandate to "investigate, examine, experiment, and report upon any subject of science or art" whenever called upon to do so by any department of the government. The NAE and NAM were established later, in 1964 and 1970 respectively, to expand the scope of the collective's expertise into the fields of engineering and health sciences.

Mission and Work

The primary mission of the NASEM is to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions related to science, engineering, and medicine. The Academies also manage research programs that aim to discover and apply knowledge in these areas.

The work of the NASEM includes convening experts from diverse backgrounds to address critical issues, publishing reports that have led to significant changes in policies and practices, and promoting the public's understanding of science and technology. They tackle a wide range of topics, from health care and climate change to education and national security.

Organization and Membership

Membership to the NAS, NAE, and NAM is considered one of the highest honors in the respective fields and is achieved through a rigorous selection process. Members are elected by current members based on their outstanding contributions to research, engineering, or medical sciences. The collective expertise of the members is utilized in the Academies' work, including participating in study committees, workshops, and public education programs.

Impact

Over the years, the NASEM have had a profound impact on shaping public policy and advancing the frontiers of science, engineering, and medicine. Their reports have addressed critical societal issues and have often led to changes in policies and practices at both the national and international levels.

Challenges and Criticisms

Despite their significant contributions, the NASEM have faced challenges and criticisms, including questions about the diversity of their membership and the transparency of their processes. In response, the Academies have taken steps to increase the diversity of their membership and to ensure that their work is conducted in an open and transparent manner.

Conclusion

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine play a crucial role in advancing knowledge and providing expert advice on complex issues. Through their collective efforts, they contribute to the well-being of society and the advancement of science, engineering, and medicine.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Resources
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