National Academy of Sciences (NAS)
| National Academy of Sciences | |
|---|---|
| |
| Formation | 1863 |
| Type | Non-governmental organization |
| Headquarters | Washington, D.C., United States |
| Membership | Approximately 2,400 members |
| Language | English |
| Leader title | President |
| Leader name | Marcia McNutt |
| Website | www.nasonline.org |
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a private, non-profit organization in the United States that was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Abraham Lincoln. The NAS is part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, which also includes the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and the National Academy of Medicine (NAM).
History[edit | edit source]
The NAS was founded during the American Civil War to provide independent, objective advice to the nation on matters related to science and technology. The founding of the NAS was driven by the need for scientific expertise in the government, particularly in the areas of military technology and public health.
Mission[edit | edit source]
The mission of the NAS is to "investigate, examine, experiment, and report upon any subject of science or art" whenever called upon by any department of the government. The NAS serves as an official advisor to the federal government on scientific and technical matters.
Membership[edit | edit source]
Membership in the NAS is considered one of the highest honors that a scientist can receive. Members are elected by their peers based on their distinguished and continuing achievements in original research. The NAS has approximately 2,400 members and 500 foreign associates, of whom nearly 200 have won Nobel Prizes.
Activities[edit | edit source]
The NAS conducts a wide range of activities to fulfill its mission, including:
- Studies and Reports: The NAS produces reports that provide independent, objective advice on issues of science and technology.
- Meetings and Conferences: The NAS organizes meetings and conferences to facilitate the exchange of scientific information.
- Awards and Honors: The NAS awards several prestigious prizes, including the NAS Award in Chemical Sciences and the NAS Award in Mathematics.
Publications[edit | edit source]
The NAS publishes the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), a highly regarded scientific journal that covers a wide range of scientific disciplines.
Governance[edit | edit source]
The NAS is governed by a Council, which is responsible for the overall direction and policies of the Academy. The President of the NAS is elected by the members and serves a six-year term.
Also see[edit | edit source]
- National Academy of Engineering
- National Academy of Medicine
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- American Association for the Advancement of Science
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