National Mall

National Mall map

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National mall (east) satellite image

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DC mall capitol

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National Mall - walking path

National Mall is a national park in downtown Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. It is a large open area between the Lincoln Memorial and the United States Capitol, with the Washington Monument providing a division slightly west of its center. Often referred to as "the Mall," it is part of the larger National Park Service (NPS) unit known as the National Mall and Memorial Parks. The National Mall is a significant American symbol and a popular tourist destination, hosting millions of visitors each year. It is also a favored location for protests, concerts, and festivals, most notably the Presidential Inaugurations, the National Cherry Blossom Festival, and the Fourth of July fireworks celebration.

History

The concept of the National Mall originally stemmed from Pierre L'Enfant's vision in 1791, who was commissioned by George Washington to design the capital. L'Enfant envisioned a grand boulevard, "the Grand Avenue," extending westward from the Capitol to a point directly south of the White House. Over the years, the design and use of the Mall have evolved, with significant developments including the construction of the Lincoln Memorial in the early 20th century and the redesign of the Mall in the 1930s under the guidance of the Civilian Conservation Corps.

Design and Features

The National Mall stretches over 2 miles (about 3.2 kilometers) and is divided into two main sections. The eastern section, referred to as the "Capitol Reflecting Pool area," includes the Capitol, the United States Botanic Garden, and museums of the Smithsonian Institution. The western section, known as the "Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool area," features war memorials such as the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, the Korean War Veterans Memorial, and the World War II Memorial, along with the Lincoln Memorial.

The Mall's design incorporates open spaces, walking paths, and rows of American elm trees, providing a picturesque setting for the national monuments and memorials. The wide, grassy expanse can accommodate large gatherings, making it an ideal location for national events and celebrations.

Cultural Significance

The National Mall serves as a public forum for democracy, a place where history is remembered, and national achievements are celebrated. It has been the site of many historic events, including the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963, where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. The Mall's significance as a symbol of the nation's commitment to freedom and democracy makes it a central space for civic engagement.

Preservation and Challenges

The preservation of the National Mall faces challenges due to its heavy use and exposure to natural elements. Efforts to maintain and restore the Mall are ongoing, with initiatives focusing on improving infrastructure, restoring landscapes, and enhancing visitor experiences. The Trust for the National Mall is one of the key organizations involved in these efforts, working in partnership with the National Park Service.

Visiting the National Mall

The National Mall is accessible to the public year-round and offers a wide range of activities and educational opportunities. Visitors can explore the numerous museums and memorials, participate in guided tours, and attend national events and celebrations. The Mall's central location in Washington, D.C., makes it easily accessible by public transportation, including the Metro subway system.