Prurigo nodularis

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic dermatological condition characterized by itchy nodules which usually appear on the arms or legs. Patients often present with multiple excoriated nodules caused by scratching. The condition is also known as Hyde's prurigo.

Etiology

The exact cause of prurigo nodularis is unknown, but it is often associated with other underlying conditions such as kidney disease, HIV, and hepatitis. It is also more common in people with a history of atopic dermatitis, asthma, or hay fever.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of prurigo nodularis is intensely itchy nodules on the skin. These nodules can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. They are usually found on the arms and legs, but can appear anywhere on the body. The itching can be severe enough to interfere with sleep and daily activities.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of prurigo nodularis is primarily based on the clinical presentation of the characteristic nodules. A biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment of prurigo nodularis can be challenging and often requires a multi-faceted approach. Topical treatments such as corticosteroid creams and capsaicin cream can help to reduce itching. In severe cases, systemic treatments such as immunosuppressant drugs may be used. Phototherapy is another treatment option.

Prognosis

The prognosis for prurigo nodularis varies. Some people find relief with treatment, while others may experience persistent symptoms. The condition does not affect life expectancy, but can significantly impact quality of life due to the intense itching and discomfort.