Old Delhi

Delhi panorama 1857

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Two boys seated whilst embroidering on either side of an embroidery frame

Farrukhsiyar Procession in front of the Great Mosque of Delhi

Police Chuprasi, Delhi

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1863 Dispatch Atlas Map of Delhi, India - Geographicus - Delhi-dispatch-1867

Old Delhi, also known as Purani Dilli, is a historic district located in the city of Delhi, India. It was founded as Shahjahanabad in 1639 by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. Old Delhi served as the capital of the Mughals until the end of the Mughal dynasty. It is renowned for its large number of mosques, monuments, and forts related to India's Muslim history. The area is also famous for its bustling bazaars, including the iconic Chandni Chowk, one of the oldest and busiest markets in Delhi.

History

The foundation of Old Delhi was laid by Emperor Shah Jahan in 1639. The city was designed by his daughter Jahanara and the architect Ustad Ahmad Lahouri, who also designed the Taj Mahal. Shahjahanabad was the seventh city of Delhi and was considered the crown jewel of the emperor's architectural achievements. The city was enclosed by a wall and had several gates, such as the Lahori Gate, Kashmiri Gate, and Delhi Gate. The Red Fort, also known as Lal Qila, was the residence of the Mughal emperor and is a significant monument from this period.

Geography

Old Delhi is located in the northern part of present-day Delhi. It is bordered by the Yamuna River to the east, which historically provided the city with defense and water. The area is characterized by narrow streets and densely packed neighborhoods, which are a stark contrast to the planned and spacious streets found in New Delhi, the part of Delhi established by the British as the capital of British India.

Culture

The culture of Old Delhi is a rich tapestry that reflects its historical significance and diverse population. The area is known for its culinary heritage, with streets lined with vendors selling traditional foods such as kebabs, parathas, and sweets. The Ramadan period is particularly vibrant in Old Delhi, with the night market near Jama Masjid offering a plethora of food options.

Architecture

Old Delhi is home to several architectural marvels from the Mughal era. The Red Fort and Jama Masjid are among the most notable. The Red Fort's intricate design and expansive courtyards are a testament to the architectural prowess of the Mughal era. Jama Masjid, one of the largest mosques in India, serves as a major religious site and tourist attraction. Other significant structures include the Fatehpuri Masjid and the Digambar Jain Lal Mandir.

Economy

The economy of Old Delhi is primarily driven by trade and commerce. The area's bazaars, such as Chandni Chowk and Khari Baoli, are among the largest wholesale markets in India, dealing in textiles, electronics, spices, and food items. The traditional businesses and crafts practiced in Old Delhi, such as zardozi embroidery and silver smithing, contribute to its economic landscape.

Challenges

Old Delhi faces several challenges, including congestion, pollution, and deteriorating infrastructure. The narrow streets are often clogged with traffic, making it difficult to navigate the area. Preservation of historic buildings and managing the balance between modernization and maintaining the area's cultural heritage are ongoing challenges.

Tourism

Old Delhi is a major tourist attraction, drawing visitors from around the world to its historic sites, vibrant bazaars, and culinary delights. Key attractions include the Red Fort, Jama Masjid, and Chandni Chowk. Heritage walks and food tours are popular activities for experiencing the culture and history of Old Delhi.