Orbital fracture

Orbital fracture refers to a traumatic injury to the bones of the eye socket or orbit. It is often caused by blunt force trauma, such as a punch or a car accident. The severity of the fracture can vary greatly, from small cracks to large, complex fractures that require surgery to repair.

Types of Orbital Fractures

There are several types of orbital fractures, including:

• Blowout fracture: This occurs when the floor or medial wall of the orbit is fractured and the orbital contents are pushed downward or medially into the maxillary sinus or ethmoid sinus, respectively.

• Zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture: This is a fracture of the zygomatic arch and the orbital floor or rim.

• Le Fort fracture: This is a severe fracture that involves the maxilla and other facial bones.

Symptoms

Symptoms of an orbital fracture can include:

• Pain, especially when moving the eye
• Swelling and bruising around the eye
• Diplopia or double vision
• Decreased vision
• Numbness in the area of the injury
• Enophthalmos or the sinking back of the eye into the socket

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of an orbital fracture is typically made through a physical examination and imaging tests, such as a CT scan. The doctor will look for signs of injury, such as swelling, bruising, and deformity. They may also test the patient's eye movements and vision.

Treatment

Treatment for an orbital fracture depends on the severity of the fracture. Minor fractures may not require any treatment, while more severe fractures may require surgery to repair the broken bones and prevent complications, such as damage to the eye or infection.

See Also

• Maxillofacial trauma
• Ophthalmology
• Trauma surgery

Orbital fracture Resources
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