Organ of Zuckerkandl

Organ of Zuckerkandl is a collection of chromaffin cells that are found near the bifurcation of the aorta or at the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery. Named after Emil Zuckerkandl, an Austrian anatomist, these cells are the most significant paraganglia of the abdomen.

Anatomy

The Organ of Zuckerkandl is located in the retroperitoneal space, near the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery. It is typically found at the level of the L3 vertebra. The organ is composed of chromaffin cells, which are neuroendocrine cells. These cells are derived from the neural crest and are capable of producing catecholamines, including epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Function

The primary function of the Organ of Zuckerkandl is the production and secretion of catecholamines, particularly during fetal development. These hormones play a crucial role in the body's response to stress, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels. They also help to regulate metabolism and the immune system.

Clinical Significance

Tumors of the Organ of Zuckerkandl, known as paragangliomas, can lead to a condition called pheochromocytoma. This condition is characterized by the overproduction of catecholamines, leading to hypertension, tachycardia, and other symptoms. Surgical removal of the tumor is often necessary.

History

The Organ of Zuckerkandl was named after Emil Zuckerkandl, a 19th-century Austrian anatomist who first described the organ in 1901.

See Also

• Chromaffin cells
• Pheochromocytoma
• Paraganglioma