Outer London

Outer_London_population_pyramid

Outer London is the name for the group of London boroughs that form a ring around Inner London. These boroughs are characterized by their suburban nature, lower population density, and generally more residential and green spaces compared to the more urbanized Inner London.

History

The concept of Outer London was officially recognized in the London Government Act 1963, which established the current structure of Greater London. The act came into effect on 1 April 1965, creating 32 London boroughs and the City of London. Outer London was defined as the boroughs that were not part of the former County of London.

Boroughs of Outer London

Outer London consists of the following boroughs:

• Barking and Dagenham
• Barnet
• Bexley
• Brent
• Bromley
• Croydon
• Ealing
• Enfield
• Haringey
• Harrow
• Havering
• Hillingdon
• Hounslow
• Kingston upon Thames
• Merton
• Newham
• Redbridge
• Richmond upon Thames
• Sutton
• Waltham Forest

Geography

Outer London is characterized by its suburban landscape, with a mix of residential areas, parks, and commercial centers. It generally has more green spaces compared to Inner London, including large parks such as Richmond Park and Hampstead Heath. The River Thames also flows through several Outer London boroughs, providing scenic waterfronts and recreational opportunities.

Demographics

The population of Outer London is diverse, with a mix of different ethnicities, cultures, and socioeconomic backgrounds. The area has seen significant growth and development over the years, with new housing developments and infrastructure projects aimed at accommodating the increasing population.

Economy

The economy of Outer London is varied, with a mix of local businesses, retail centers, and industrial areas. Many residents commute to Inner London for work, but there are also significant employment opportunities within the boroughs themselves. Key economic hubs in Outer London include Croydon, Hounslow, and Uxbridge.

Transport

Outer London is well-connected to the rest of Greater London and beyond through an extensive network of public transport. This includes:

• London Underground lines such as the District line, Metropolitan line, and Central line
• London Overground
• National Rail services
• Numerous bus routes

Major roads such as the M25 motorway and the North Circular Road also provide important links for motorists.

Education

Outer London is home to a number of educational institutions, including primary and secondary schools, as well as colleges and universities. Notable institutions include Brunel University in Hillingdon and Kingston University in Kingston upon Thames.

Related Pages

• Greater London
• Inner London
• London boroughs
• London Government Act 1963
• City of London
• River Thames
• Richmond Park
• Hampstead Heath
• London Underground
• London Overground
• National Rail