Ovulation

Ovulation is a part of the menstrual cycle when a mature ovarian follicle ruptures and discharges an ovum (also known as an ovarian egg or female gamete). This process is controlled by the hypothalamus in the brain which stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

Process

Ovulation is triggered by a surge in levels of FSH and LH. Following the luteinizing hormone surge, the mature follicle bursts and releases the ovum into the fallopian tube. The released ovum is then transported to the uterus where it can be fertilized by a sperm. If fertilization does not occur, the ovum is shed during the menstrual period.

Signs and symptoms

Some women may experience mittelschmerz, a pain on one side of the lower abdomen, during ovulation. Other signs of ovulation include increased cervical mucus, increased sexual desire, and a slight decrease in body temperature.

Ovulation prediction

Ovulation can be predicted by tracking menstrual cycles, observing changes in cervical mucus, or using an ovulation predictor kit. These methods can help women who are trying to conceive or avoid pregnancy.

Disorders related to ovulation

Disorders related to ovulation include polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and anovulation. These conditions can lead to infertility.

See also

• Menstrual cycle
• Fertility
• Conception device
• Birth control

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