Oxyphil cell (parathyroid)

Oxyphil cells are a type of cell found in the parathyroid gland. They are characterized by their acidophilic cytoplasm, which stains readily with eosin, giving them a distinctive appearance under the microscope.

Structure

Oxyphil cells are larger than the more numerous chief cells of the parathyroid gland. They have abundant mitochondria, which contribute to their acidophilic staining properties. The function of oxyphil cells is not entirely understood, but they are thought to be involved in the metabolism of the parathyroid gland.

Function

The exact role of oxyphil cells in the parathyroid gland is not well defined. Unlike chief cells, which secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), oxyphil cells do not appear to have a direct role in hormone secretion. However, they may play a supportive or regulatory role in the gland's function.

Development

Oxyphil cells are not present at birth but appear after puberty and increase in number with age. This suggests that they may have a role in the aging process of the parathyroid gland.

Clinical significance

Oxyphil cells can be found in increased numbers in certain pathological conditions of the parathyroid gland, such as parathyroid adenoma and hyperparathyroidism. Their presence can be a useful diagnostic marker in histological examinations.

See also

• Parathyroid gland
• Chief cell (parathyroid)
• Parathyroid hormone
• Endocrine system