PSVT

PSVT

Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT) is a type of heart arrhythmia characterized by sudden episodes of a rapid heart rate. These episodes can start and stop abruptly and can last from a few minutes to several hours. PSVT occurs due to electrical signals in the heart's upper chambers (the atria) firing abnormally, which can lead to the heart beating at a rate of 150-250 beats per minute, significantly faster than the normal range of 60-100 beats per minute.

The condition can affect individuals of all ages, including infants and the elderly, but is more commonly diagnosed in young adults. Symptoms of PSVT can include palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, chest pain, and, in severe cases, syncope (fainting). However, some individuals may experience PSVT without any symptoms.

The exact cause of PSVT is not always clear, but it can be associated with stress, caffeine consumption, alcohol use, and smoking. Certain underlying heart conditions, such as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, can also predispose individuals to PSVT.

Diagnosis of PSVT typically involves the use of an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) to record the electrical activity of the heart during an episode. In cases where PSVT episodes are infrequent, a portable ECG device, such as a Holter monitor or an event recorder, may be used to capture the abnormal heart rhythm.

Treatment for PSVT may include Vagal maneuvers that stimulate the vagus nerve and can help to slow the heart rate. Medications, such as beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers, may also be prescribed to control the heart rate or prevent future episodes. In more severe cases, or when medication is ineffective, a procedure called catheter ablation may be recommended. This procedure involves the use of radiofrequency energy to destroy the small area of heart tissue that is causing the abnormal electrical signals.

Lifestyle changes, such as reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, managing stress, and quitting smoking, can also help in managing PSVT and preventing future episodes.