Pakistan Movement

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The Pakistan Movement was a political movement in the first half of the 20th century that aimed for and succeeded in the creation of Pakistan from the British Raj. The movement was led primarily by the All-India Muslim League and its leader, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who is revered as the Quaid-e-Azam (Great Leader) of Pakistan.

Background

The roots of the Pakistan Movement can be traced back to the decline of the Mughal Empire and the subsequent rise of British colonial rule in the Indian subcontinent. The Indian National Congress was founded in 1885, but many Muslims felt that their interests were not adequately represented. This led to the formation of the All-India Muslim League in 1906.

Key Events

Lahore Resolution

The Lahore Resolution, also known as the Pakistan Resolution, was a formal political statement adopted by the All-India Muslim League at the Minto Park (now Iqbal Park) in Lahore on March 23, 1940. The resolution called for independent states for Muslims in the north-western and eastern zones of India.

Direct Action Day

On August 16, 1946, the All-India Muslim League called for Direct Action Day to demand the creation of Pakistan. The day was marked by widespread communal riots in Calcutta and other parts of India.

Partition of India

The Partition of India in 1947 resulted in the creation of the independent dominions of India and Pakistan. The partition was accompanied by large-scale violence and mass migrations.

Key Figures

• Muhammad Ali Jinnah: The leader of the All-India Muslim League and the main architect of Pakistan.
• Allama Iqbal: A philosopher, poet, and politician who is considered one of the spiritual fathers of Pakistan.
• Liaquat Ali Khan: The first Prime Minister of Pakistan and a close associate of Jinnah.

Legacy

The Pakistan Movement led to the creation of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on August 14, 1947. The movement is celebrated annually on Pakistan Day (March 23) and Independence Day (Pakistan) (August 14).

Related Pages

• All-India Muslim League
• Muhammad Ali Jinnah
• Lahore Resolution
• Partition of India
• Direct Action Day
• Pakistan Day
• Independence Day (Pakistan)