Muhammad Ali Jinnah

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Muhammad Ali Jinnah (25 December 1876 – 11 September 1948) was a lawyer, politician, and the founder of Pakistan. He served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until Pakistan's creation on 14 August 1947, and then as Pakistan's first Governor-General until his death. He is revered in Pakistan as Quaid-e-Azam (Great Leader) and Baba-e-Qaum (Father of the Nation).

Early Life and Education

Jinnah was born in Karachi, then part of the Bombay Presidency in British India. He was the second child of seven children born to Jinnahbhai Poonja and Mithibai. Jinnah's early education was at the Sindh-Madrasa-tul-Islam and the Christian Missionary Society High School in Karachi. At the age of 16, he went to London to study law at Lincoln's Inn, where he became the youngest Indian to be called to the bar in England.

Political Career

Jinnah began his political career as a member of the Indian National Congress, advocating for Hindu-Muslim unity and self-governance. However, he later joined the All-India Muslim League and became a prominent leader advocating for the rights of Muslims in India. His efforts led to the Lahore Resolution in 1940, which called for an independent Muslim state.

Role in the Creation of Pakistan

Jinnah's leadership was instrumental in the creation of Pakistan. He negotiated with the British Raj and the Indian National Congress to secure a separate nation for Muslims. On 14 August 1947, Pakistan was established, and Jinnah became its first Governor-General. His vision for Pakistan was a democratic state with equal rights for all citizens, regardless of religion.

Personal Life

Jinnah married Emibai Jinnah in 1892, but she died shortly after their marriage. He later married Rattanbai Petit in 1918, with whom he had a daughter, Dina Wadia. Jinnah's personal life was marked by his dedication to his political cause, often at the expense of his health and family life.

Legacy

Jinnah's legacy is profound in Pakistan, where he is celebrated as the father of the nation. His vision for Pakistan continues to influence the country's politics and society. Numerous institutions, including Jinnah University, Jinnah International Airport, and Jinnah Hospital, are named in his honor.

Related Pages

• Pakistan Movement
• All-India Muslim League
• Lahore Resolution
• Partition of India
• Indian National Congress
• Governor-General of Pakistan
• Quaid-e-Azam