Clear cell acanthoma

Clear Cell Acanthoma (CCA), also known as Degos acanthoma, is a benign dermatological condition characterized by a solitary, well-demarcated, reddish-brown nodule or plaque. It was first described by Degos et al. in 1962. The lesion is typically found on the lower extremities of middle-aged or elderly individuals.

Etiology

The exact cause of Clear Cell Acanthoma is unknown. However, it is believed to be a reactive process rather than a neoplastic one. Some researchers suggest that it may be associated with chronic irritation or trauma.

Clinical Features

Clear Cell Acanthoma typically presents as a solitary, well-demarcated, reddish-brown nodule or plaque. The lesion is usually asymptomatic, but it may occasionally be pruritic. It is most commonly found on the lower extremities, but it can also occur on the trunk, head, and neck.

Histopathology

Histologically, Clear Cell Acanthoma is characterized by acanthosis (thickening of the skin) and clear cells in the epidermis. The clear cells are keratinocytes with abundant glycogen, which can be demonstrated with a PAS stain.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Clear Cell Acanthoma is primarily based on clinical examination and histopathological findings. Dermoscopy can also be helpful in the diagnosis. It typically shows a characteristic pattern known as "string of pearls" or "cerebriform pattern".

Treatment

The primary treatment for Clear Cell Acanthoma is surgical excision. Other treatment options include cryotherapy, curettage, and laser therapy.

File:Clear Cell Acanthoma.jpg

Clear Cell Acanthoma on the leg

Prognosis

The prognosis for Clear Cell Acanthoma is excellent. It is a benign condition and does not have any malignant potential. However, recurrence after treatment is possible.

See Also

• Acanthoma
• Dermatology
• Skin Lesion