Patch (dermatology)

Patch (dermatology)

A patch in dermatology refers to a large area of skin that is discolored or has a different texture than the surrounding skin. Patches can be a symptom of various skin diseases and conditions, and their size, shape, color, and texture can provide important clues for diagnosis.

Characteristics

A patch is typically larger than 1 cm in diameter and may have irregular borders. It can appear in various colors, including red, brown, white, or purple, depending on the underlying condition. The texture of a patch can also vary, from smooth and flat to rough and raised.

Causes

Patches can be caused by a wide range of conditions, including:

• Eczema: This is a group of conditions that cause inflammation of the skin, leading to itchy, red, and dry patches.
• Psoriasis: This is a chronic skin condition that causes red, itchy, and scaly patches.
• Vitiligo: This condition causes the skin to lose its pigment cells, resulting in white patches.
• Melasma: This condition causes brown or gray-brown patches on the face, often related to hormonal changes or sun exposure.
• Tinea versicolor: This is a fungal infection that can cause patches of skin to become lighter or darker than the surrounding skin.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a skin patch typically involves a physical examination by a dermatologist. The dermatologist may also perform a skin biopsy or other tests to determine the cause of the patch.

Treatment

Treatment for a skin patch depends on the underlying cause. It may involve topical creams or ointments, oral medications, light therapy, or other treatments.

See also

• Macule (dermatology)
• Papule
• Nodule (medicine)
• Plaque (dermatology)