Pellicularia koleroga

Pellicularia koleroga is a fungal pathogen that causes a disease known as Koleroga noxia, or fruit rot, in areca nut trees. This disease is prevalent in the South Asian countries of India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh, where areca nut cultivation is a significant part of the local agricultural economy.

Description

The fungus Pellicularia koleroga is characterized by its ability to produce a large amount of mycelium, which appears as a white, cottony growth on the surface of infected fruits and leaves. The mycelium produces spores that are spread by wind and rain, leading to new infections.

Disease Cycle

The disease cycle of Pellicularia koleroga begins when spores land on the surface of an areca nut fruit. The spores germinate and the resulting mycelium penetrates the fruit's surface, causing rotting and discoloration. The fungus continues to grow and produce more spores, which are then spread to other fruits and trees.

Management

Management of Koleroga noxia involves a combination of cultural practices and chemical treatments. Cultural practices include pruning and burning infected branches to reduce the source of spores. Chemical treatments involve the application of fungicides to protect healthy fruits and trees from infection.

Economic Impact

The economic impact of Koleroga noxia is significant in regions where areca nut cultivation is a major industry. The disease can cause substantial yield losses, affecting the income of farmers and the supply of areca nuts for local and international markets.

See Also

• Areca nut
• Fungus
• Pathogen
• Koleroga