Enoxacin

An article about the antibiotic Enoxacin

Overview

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Chemical structure of Enoxacin

Enoxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that belongs to the class of fluoroquinolones. It is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are essential for bacterial DNA replication and transcription.

Mechanism of Action

Enoxacin works by interfering with the DNA replication process in bacteria. It targets the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes, which are crucial for the supercoiling and uncoiling of bacterial DNA. By inhibiting these enzymes, enoxacin prevents the bacteria from replicating and transcribing their DNA, leading to bacterial cell death.

Pharmacokinetics

Enoxacin is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract when administered orally. It has a bioavailability of approximately 90%. The drug is widely distributed throughout the body and can penetrate tissues and fluids, including the urinary tract, prostate, and lungs. Enoxacin is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily in the urine.

Clinical Uses

Enoxacin is used to treat a variety of infections, including:

• Urinary tract infections
• Prostatitis
• Gonorrhea
• Respiratory tract infections

Side Effects

Common side effects of enoxacin include nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, and headache. Serious side effects can include tendonitis and tendon rupture, particularly in older adults and those taking corticosteroids.

Contraindications

Enoxacin is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of seizures or epilepsy.

Related pages

• Fluoroquinolone
• Antibiotic
• DNA gyrase
• Topoisomerase IV