Peptide yy

Peptide YY (PYY) is a short protein that is released by cells in the ileum and colon in response to feeding. It is a member of the neuropeptide Y family of proteins.

Function

Peptide YY is involved in a variety of biological functions, but it is best known for its role in reducing appetite. After a meal, the amount of PYY in the bloodstream increases, which helps to reduce the feeling of hunger and limit food intake. This effect is thought to be mediated by the Y2 receptor, a protein that PYY binds to in the brain.

In addition to its role in appetite regulation, PYY also has effects on the gastrointestinal tract. It can slow the rate of gastric emptying, which helps to prolong the feeling of fullness after a meal. It also reduces the secretion of digestive enzymes from the pancreas and inhibits the contractions of the gallbladder, which can affect the digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Clinical significance

Because of its effects on appetite and digestion, PYY has been studied as a potential treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Some research suggests that people with obesity have lower levels of PYY in their blood, which could contribute to overeating. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and to determine the safety and effectiveness of PYY-based treatments.

See also

• Ghrelin
• Leptin
• Neuropeptide Y
• Obesity
• Type 2 diabetes