Perflutren

Perflutren is a microbubble contrast agent used in medical imaging to enhance the visibility of blood vessels and improve the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound examinations. It is particularly useful in echocardiography for assessing cardiac function and detecting abnormalities in the heart's structure and blood flow.

Chemical Composition

Perflutren is composed of perfluorocarbon gas encapsulated in a lipid or protein shell. The gas core is typically perfluoropropane or perfluorobutane, which are biologically inert and have high echogenicity, making them ideal for use in ultrasound imaging.

Mechanism of Action

When injected into the bloodstream, perflutren microbubbles circulate through the vascular system. Due to their high echogenicity, they reflect ultrasound waves more effectively than surrounding tissues, creating a contrast effect that enhances the visualization of blood flow and vascular structures. This property is particularly beneficial in echocardiography, where it helps to delineate the endocardial borders and improve the assessment of cardiac function.

Clinical Applications

Perflutren is primarily used in:

• Echocardiography: To improve the visualization of the heart chambers, valves, and blood flow.
• Liver imaging: To enhance the detection of liver lesions and tumors.
• Vascular imaging: To assess blood flow in various vascular beds, including the carotid arteries and peripheral vessels.

Administration and Dosage

Perflutren is administered intravenously, typically as a bolus injection or continuous infusion, depending on the clinical indication. The dosage varies based on the specific imaging requirements and the patient's condition.

Safety and Side Effects

Perflutren is generally well-tolerated, but some patients may experience side effects such as:

• Headache
• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Allergic reactions

Severe adverse reactions are rare but can include anaphylaxis and cardiovascular events. It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to perflutren or any of its components.

Related Pages

• Echocardiography
• Ultrasound
• Contrast agent
• Perfluorocarbon
• Microbubble