Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine

Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine[edit | edit source]

The Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine, also known as BNT162b2, is a COVID-19 vaccine developed by the pharmaceutical companies Pfizer and BioNTech. It is one of the first mRNA vaccines to be authorized for use against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19.

Development and Authorization[edit | edit source]

The development of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine began in early 2020, shortly after the genetic sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was published. The vaccine uses a novel technology based on messenger RNA (mRNA), which instructs cells to produce a harmless piece of the virus, triggering an immune response.

The vaccine was granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 2020, and by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) later the same month. It has since been authorized for use in many other countries around the world.

Efficacy and Safety[edit | edit source]

Clinical trials have shown that the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine is highly effective at preventing COVID-19. The vaccine has an efficacy rate of approximately 95% after two doses, given 21 days apart.

The vaccine is generally well tolerated, with side effects typically mild and short-lived. Common side effects include pain at the injection site, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, chills, joint pain, and fever.

Distribution and Administration[edit | edit source]

The Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine is distributed in multi-dose vials and must be stored at ultra-cold temperatures, which has posed logistical challenges. However, the companies have developed special cold chain shipping containers to facilitate distribution.

The vaccine is administered as an injection into the muscle of the upper arm. It is given as a two-dose series, with the second dose given 21 days after the first.