Pharyngeal

Pharyngeal refers to anything related to the pharynx, the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the esophagus and larynx – the tubes running down from the back of the mouth to the stomach and the lungs. It is an important part of the digestive and respiratory systems, and functions as a pathway for the movement of food from the mouth to the esophagus, and of air from the nose and mouth to the larynx.

Anatomy

The pharynx is divided into three sections: the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx. Each of these sections has a different function and is lined with a different type of tissue.

Nasopharynx

The nasopharynx is the uppermost part of the pharynx, connecting the nasal cavities above to the throat below. It serves as a passageway for air and is lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, which helps to filter out dust and small particles.

Oropharynx

The oropharynx is located in the middle part of the pharynx and serves as a passageway for both air and food. It is lined with stratified squamous epithelium, which is designed to withstand the abrasive effects of food passing through.

Laryngopharynx

The laryngopharynx is the lowermost part of the pharynx and connects to the esophagus and larynx. It also serves as a passageway for both air and food and is lined with stratified squamous epithelium.

Function

The primary function of the pharynx is to provide a passageway for the respiratory and digestive tracts. It also plays a role in speech as the pharyngeal muscles function to raise and lower the pharynx during swallowing and speech.

Diseases and Conditions

There are several diseases and conditions that can affect the pharynx, including pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and sleep apnea. These conditions can cause symptoms such as sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and snoring.

See Also

• Pharyngeal reflex
• Pharyngeal arch
• Pharyngeal pouch (embryology)