Phosphoproteomics

Phosphoproteomics is a branch of proteomics that identifies, catalogs, and characterizes proteins that are phosphorylated (phosphoproteins). Phosphorylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins that plays key roles in many cellular processes, including cell cycle, growth, apoptosis, and signal transduction pathways.

Overview

Phosphoproteomics is a sub-discipline of proteomics where the aim is to identify phosphorylated proteins in a biological sample. The phosphorylation of proteins is a key regulatory event in many cellular processes. The study of phosphorylated proteins (phosphoproteins) can provide insights into the functional cellular machinery at the molecular level.

File:Phosphoproteomics workflow.png

A typical workflow of phosphoproteomics.

Techniques

Phosphoproteomics involves the use of various techniques to effectively identify and quantify the phosphorylated state of proteins. These techniques include mass spectrometry, protein microarray, immunohistochemistry, and western blot.

Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the identification and quantification of phosphoproteins. It can provide information about the exact location and the degree of phosphorylation.

Protein Microarray

Protein microarray is a high-throughput method used to track the interactions and activities of proteins, and to determine their function, and determining the protein substrates of protein kinases.

Immunohistochemistry

Immunohistochemistry is a method used to visualize specific antigens in cells by using appropriately labelled antibodies. It is used in phosphoproteomics to study the location of phosphorylation events within cells.

Western Blot

Western blot is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract.

Applications

Phosphoproteomics is used in various fields such as oncology, neuroscience, and drug discovery. In oncology, it is used to identify new targets for cancer therapy. In neuroscience, it is used to understand the complex signaling networks that regulate brain function. In drug discovery, it is used to identify new drug targets.

See Also

• Proteomics
• Mass spectrometry
• Protein microarray
• Immunohistochemistry
• Western blot

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