Pickelhaube

Bayrische Pickelhaube

Preussische Pickelhaube

Shchegolev Alexandr Petrovitch

Каска 1844

Bismarck pickelhaube

Prussian Army Uniforms 1845

Pickelhaube (German: [ˈpɪkl̩haʊbə], plural Pickelhauben; from Pickel = "point" or "pickaxe", and Haube = "bonnet", a general term for "headgear"), is a spiked helmet that was worn in the 19th and 20th centuries by German military, firefighters, and police. Although typically associated with the Prussian Army, it was widely adopted by other states and countries, including the Russian Empire, Sweden, and even some South American countries. The Pickelhaube became a symbol of German militarism and was a recognizable part of their military uniform until the end of World War I, when it was replaced by the Stahlhelm due to the former's lack of protection against shell fragments.

History

The Pickelhaube was originally designed in 1842 by King Frederick William IV of Prussia, inspired by the helmets of the Russian army's Cuirassiers during his visit to Russia. It was intended to be worn by the infantry of the Prussian Army, with other branches and states adopting similar designs. The helmet's design, particularly the use of a metal spike at the top, was influenced by the need for a symbol of authority and a functional piece of military equipment that could deflect sabre blows.

Design

The design of the Pickelhaube varied between different states and over time. Initially, it was made of boiled leather, with a metal spike, trim, and Prussian eagle emblem at the front for infantry units. Cavalry and artillery units had their unique variations. Over the years, the design was modified for practicality and comfort, including the introduction of ventilation holes and changes in materials. By World War I, some units wore Pickelhauben made from ersatz materials due to leather shortages.

Impact and Legacy

The Pickelhaube had a significant impact on military headgear worldwide, influencing the design of helmets in various countries. Its distinctive appearance made it a symbol of the Prussian and later the German soldier, embodying the military virtues of discipline and obedience. However, its practicality in modern warfare was limited, leading to its replacement by the more protective Stahlhelm during World War I.

The helmet has since become an iconic piece of military history, often featured in films, artworks, and as a collector's item. Its image is still associated with the era of German imperial power and is a popular item among military historians and enthusiasts.

In Popular Culture

The Pickelhaube has been featured in numerous films, television shows, and books, often used to instantly identify German military characters. It remains a potent symbol of German militarism in popular culture, representing both the prowess and the rigidity of the German military tradition.

See Also

• Stahlhelm
• Helmet
• Military uniform
• German Empire