Pineal cyst

Pineal Cyst

A Pineal Cyst is a benign, fluid-filled cyst located in the pineal gland, a small endocrine gland in the brain. Pineal cysts are relatively common, and are typically discovered incidentally during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans performed for other reasons.

Anatomy

The pineal gland is a small, pinecone-shaped gland located in the middle of the brain. It is part of the endocrine system and produces the hormone melatonin, which helps regulate sleep patterns and seasonal functions.

Characteristics

Pineal cysts are typically small, with most measuring less than 10 millimeters in diameter. They are filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a clear, colorless fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. The walls of the cyst are usually thin and smooth.

Symptoms

Most pineal cysts are asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause any symptoms. However, if a cyst grows large enough, it can compress surrounding brain structures and cause symptoms such as headache, dizziness, vision problems, and insomnia.

Diagnosis

Pineal cysts are usually discovered incidentally during MRI or CT scans performed for other reasons. If a cyst is discovered, further imaging may be performed to determine its size and whether it is causing any symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for pineal cysts depends on the size of the cyst and whether it is causing symptoms. Asymptomatic cysts are usually monitored with periodic imaging. If a cyst is causing symptoms, treatment options may include medication, surgery, or radiation therapy.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with pineal cysts is generally good. Most cysts do not grow or cause symptoms, and those that do are usually treatable.

See also

• Pineal gland
• Endocrine system
• Melatonin
• Cerebrospinal fluid
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Computed tomography