Pink eye

Pink eye

Pink eye, medically known as conjunctivitis, is an inflammation or infection of the transparent membrane (Conjunctiva) that lines the eyelid and covers the white part of the eyeball. When small blood vessels in the conjunctiva become inflamed, they're more visible. This is what causes the whites of the eyes to appear reddish or pink. Symptoms of pink eye may include redness in one or both eyes, itchiness, a gritty feeling, discharge that forms a crust during the night which may prevent your eye or eyes from opening in the morning, and tearing. Pink eye can be caused by several factors, including viral infections, bacterial infections, allergies (Allergic conjunctivitis), a chemical splash in the eye, or a foreign object in the eye. Of these, viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are the most common and can be highly contagious. There are three main types of conjunctivitis based on cause:

• Viral conjunctivitis: Caused by a virus, this type of pink eye is very contagious but usually will clear up on its own within several days without medical treatment.
• Bacterial conjunctivitis: Caused by bacteria, this type can cause serious damage to the eye if not treated with antibiotics.
• Allergic conjunctivitis: Caused by eye irritants such as pollen, dust, and animal dander among those who are allergic to these substances. This type is not contagious.

Treatment for pink eye depends on the cause. For viral conjunctivitis, home remedies and over-the-counter treatments can alleviate symptoms. Bacterial conjunctivitis requires antibiotics in the form of eye drops, ointments, or pills. Allergic conjunctivitis is treated with allergy medications and avoiding the allergens that trigger the symptoms. Preventing the spread of pink eye is important, especially for viral and bacterial conjunctivitis. Basic hygiene measures such as washing hands thoroughly, avoiding touching the face, and not sharing personal items like towels or washcloths can help reduce the risk of transmission.

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