Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) is a vaccine used to prevent infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. These bacteria can cause serious infections such as pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infection (bacteremia).

Composition

The vaccine is composed of purified polysaccharides from 23 of the most common types of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. These polysaccharides stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies, which can recognize and kill the bacteria if the person is exposed to them in the future.

Usage

PPV is recommended for all adults aged 65 years and older, as well as for people aged 2 years and older who are at high risk of pneumococcal disease due to certain health conditions. It is also recommended for people who live in environments where the risk of pneumococcal disease is high, such as nursing homes or other long-term care facilities.

Effectiveness

The vaccine is effective in preventing severe disease, hospitalization, and death. It is estimated to be 60-70% effective in preventing invasive disease caused by the types of bacteria included in the vaccine.

Side Effects

Common side effects of the vaccine include pain and swelling at the injection site, mild fever, and muscle aches. Serious side effects are rare.

See Also

• Vaccination
• Immunization
• Infectious disease