Polychlorinated naphthalene
Polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) is a group of organic compounds that are structurally related to naphthalene, but with the addition of chlorine atoms. They are part of the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) due to their ability to resist degradation and accumulate in the environment.
Chemical Structure[edit | edit source]
PCNs consist of two fused benzene rings (naphthalene) with one to eight chlorine atoms attached. The number and position of the chlorine atoms can vary, leading to 75 different possible congeners.
Production and Use[edit | edit source]
PCNs were produced as a byproduct in the manufacture of other chlorinated compounds. They were also used in a variety of industrial applications, including as dielectric fluids in capacitors and as heat transfer agents. However, their production and use have been largely phased out due to concerns about their environmental persistence and toxicity.
Environmental Impact[edit | edit source]
PCNs are highly resistant to degradation and can persist in the environment for many years. They have been found in soil, water, and air samples from around the world. They can bioaccumulate in the tissues of animals and humans, leading to potential health effects.
Health Effects[edit | edit source]
Exposure to PCNs can lead to a variety of health effects, including liver damage, skin irritation, and potential carcinogenic effects. The severity of these effects can vary depending on the specific congener and the level and duration of exposure.
Regulation[edit | edit source]
Due to their environmental persistence and potential health effects, the production and use of PCNs have been regulated in many countries. They are listed as POPs under the Stockholm Convention, an international treaty aimed at eliminating or reducing the release of persistent organic pollutants.
See Also[edit | edit source]
- Persistent organic pollutant
- Naphthalene
- Chlorine
- Dielectric fluid
- Heat transfer
- Liver damage
- Skin irritation
- Carcinogen
- Stockholm Convention
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