Polygenic disorder

Polygenic Disorder

A polygenic disorder is a type of genetic disorder that is caused by the combined action of more than one gene. These disorders are also known as multifactorial disorders because they are often influenced by environmental factors in addition to genetic ones. Polygenic disorders are contrasted with monogenic disorders, which are caused by a mutation in a single gene.

Causes

Polygenic disorders are caused by the combined effects of multiple genes, often in conjunction with environmental factors. This is in contrast to monogenic disorders, which are caused by mutations in a single gene. The genes involved in polygenic disorders often each contribute a small amount to the overall risk of developing the disorder. Environmental factors can also play a role in the development of these disorders, and can include things like diet, exercise, and exposure to toxins.

Examples

Examples of polygenic disorders include heart disease, diabetes, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. These disorders are often complex and can involve many different bodily systems. They are also often chronic and can require lifelong management.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of polygenic disorders can be complex, as they often involve many different genes and can be influenced by environmental factors. Genetic testing can sometimes be used to identify the genes involved in these disorders, but this is not always possible. Treatment of polygenic disorders often involves managing the symptoms of the disorder, as there is often no cure. This can include things like medication, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery.

Research

Research into polygenic disorders is ongoing, and is focused on understanding the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to these disorders. This research is hoped to lead to better methods of diagnosis and treatment for these disorders in the future.

See Also

• Genetic disorder
• Monogenic disorder
• Genetic testing
• Heart disease
• Diabetes
• Asthma
• Alzheimer's disease
• Cancer