Post-polio syndrome

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Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a condition that affects polio survivors years after recovery from an initial acute attack of the poliovirus. It is characterized by a further weakening of muscles that were previously affected by the polio infection.

Symptoms

The symptoms of post-polio syndrome can vary widely among individuals but commonly include:

• Progressive muscle and joint weakness and pain
• General fatigue and exhaustion with minimal activity
• Muscle atrophy
• Breathing or swallowing problems
• Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea
• Decreased tolerance of cold temperatures

Causes

The exact cause of post-polio syndrome is not well understood. However, it is believed to be related to the degeneration of individual nerve terminals in the motor units that remain after the initial polio infection. Over time, these motor units may lose their ability to function, leading to muscle weakness and other symptoms.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of post-polio syndrome is primarily clinical and involves:

• A detailed medical history and physical examination
• Exclusion of other conditions that could cause similar symptoms
• Electromyography (EMG) to assess the health of muscles and the nerve cells that control them

Treatment

There is no cure for post-polio syndrome, but treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Treatment options may include:

• Physical therapy to strengthen muscles and improve mobility
• Occupational therapy to assist with daily activities
• Pain management strategies, including medications and lifestyle changes
• Use of assistive devices such as braces, canes, or wheelchairs
• Energy conservation techniques to manage fatigue

Prognosis

The progression of post-polio syndrome is generally slow, and the severity of symptoms can vary. With appropriate management, many individuals can maintain a good quality of life.

Related Pages

• Poliovirus
• Poliomyelitis
• Neuromuscular disease
• Sleep apnea
• Physical therapy
• Occupational therapy

See Also

• Chronic fatigue syndrome
• Multiple sclerosis
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis