Primary peritoneal cancer

Primary peritoneal cancer (PPC) is a rare cancer that develops in the peritoneum, a thin, delicate sheet that lines the inside wall of the abdomen and covers the uterus and extends over the bladder and rectum. PPC is a close relative of ovarian cancer, which is why it is often mistaken for ovarian cancer. It is also known as extraovarian primary peritoneal carcinoma (EOPPC) and serous surface papillary carcinoma.

Causes

The exact cause of PPC is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. Women with these mutations have a higher risk of developing both breast and ovarian cancer. PPC is more common in women who have had their ovaries removed to prevent ovarian cancer.

Symptoms

The symptoms of PPC are similar to those of ovarian cancer. They include:

• Abdominal bloating or swelling
• Quick feeling of fullness while eating
• Weight loss
• Discomfort in the pelvis area
• Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation
• A frequent need to urinate

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of PPC is often difficult because the symptoms are non-specific and similar to other conditions. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. The following tests may be used to diagnose PPC:

• Physical exam and history
• Pelvic exam
• Ultrasound
• CA 125 assay
• CT scan
• Biopsy

Treatment

Treatment of PPC is similar to the treatment for advanced ovarian cancer. It may include surgery to remove as much of the cancer as possible, followed by chemotherapy. In some cases, radiation therapy may be used.

Prognosis

The prognosis for PPC is generally poor, as the disease is often advanced when diagnosed. However, survival rates can vary greatly depending on the stage of the cancer and the patient's overall health.

See also

• Ovarian cancer
• Peritoneum
• BRCA1
• BRCA2

Primary peritoneal cancer Resources
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