Profen (drug class)

Class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Overview

The profen class of drugs is a group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that are derived from propionic acid. These drugs are commonly used for their analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties. The most well-known member of this class is ibuprofen, which is widely used to relieve pain, reduce fever, and decrease inflammation.

Chemical Structure

Chemical structure of a generic profen

The profen drugs share a common chemical structure that includes a propionic acid moiety. This structure is responsible for their pharmacological activity. The general formula for profens is characterized by the presence of a carboxylic acid group attached to a phenyl ring, which is further substituted with various functional groups that determine the specific properties of each drug.

Mechanism of Action

Profen drugs exert their effects by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2. These enzymes are crucial in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, which are lipid compounds that play a key role in inflammation, pain, and fever. By blocking COX enzymes, profens reduce the production of prostaglandins, thereby alleviating symptoms associated with inflammation and pain.

Common Profen Drugs

Ibuprofen

Chemical structure of ibuprofen

Ibuprofen is the most widely used profen drug. It is available over-the-counter and is used to treat a variety of conditions, including headaches, menstrual cramps, muscle aches, and arthritis. Ibuprofen is known for its relatively favorable safety profile when used at recommended doses.

Other Profens

Other members of the profen class include naproxen, ketoprofen, and flurbiprofen. Each of these drugs has unique properties and is used for specific indications. For example, naproxen is often used for its longer duration of action, making it suitable for chronic conditions like arthritis.

Side Effects

Like all NSAIDs, profen drugs can cause side effects, particularly when used in high doses or for extended periods. Common side effects include gastrointestinal issues such as stomach pain, heartburn, and ulcers. There is also a risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attack or stroke, especially with long-term use.

Clinical Use

Profen drugs are used in a variety of clinical settings. They are commonly prescribed for the management of acute pain, such as that following surgery or injury, as well as for chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Related Pages

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
• Cyclooxygenase
• Prostaglandin
• Ibuprofen
• Naproxen