Progesterone receptor

Progesterone receptor (PR) is a type of protein and steroid receptor that specifically binds to progesterone. It is encoded in humans by the PGR gene. Progesterone receptors are present in the female reproductive system, breast, and other tissues.

Function

The progesterone receptor is a member of the nuclear receptor family of intracellular receptors. The hormone progesterone binds to the receptor, and the resulting complex can bind to DNA to regulate the activity of different genes.

In the female reproductive system, progesterone receptors are critical for ovulation, pregnancy, and the development of embryos and fetuses. They also play a role in the growth of certain types of breast cancer.

Structure

The progesterone receptor is a large protein with several domains. The N-terminal domain is involved in transcriptional activation, while the C-terminal domain contains the ligand-binding site. The DNA-binding domain recognizes specific DNA sequences that the receptor can bind to.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the PGR gene can lead to progesterone resistance, which can cause infertility and other reproductive problems. Progesterone receptors are also a target for certain types of cancer therapy.

See also

• Steroid receptor
• Nuclear receptor
• Progesterone