Prolymphocytes

Prolymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that are larger than lymphocytes but smaller than immature cells. They are characterized by a high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio and a prominent nucleolus. Prolymphocytes are typically found in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen, and are involved in the body's immune response.

Characteristics

Prolymphocytes have a high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, with the nucleus often occupying up to 80% of the cell. The nucleus is round or oval, and contains a prominent nucleolus. The cytoplasm is basophilic and contains few granules. Prolymphocytes are larger than mature lymphocytes, but smaller than immature cells such as blast cells.

Function

Prolymphocytes are part of the body's immune response. They are precursors to mature lymphocytes, which are key players in the body's adaptive immune system. Prolymphocytes differentiate into either B cells or T cells, depending on the signals they receive.

Clinical significance

An increase in the number of prolymphocytes, known as prolymphocytosis, can be a sign of certain types of leukemia, including B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia and T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. These conditions are characterized by a high number of prolymphocytes in the blood, and can cause symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, and enlarged lymph nodes.

See also

• Lymphocyte
• Leukemia
• Immune system