Psidium cattleyanum

Species of plant

Psidium cattleyanum, commonly known as strawberry guava, is a species of flowering plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. It is native to Brazil and has become an invasive species in several regions, including Hawaii and Florida.

Description

Leaves and flowers of Psidium cattleyanum

Psidium cattleyanum is a small tree or shrub that typically grows to a height of 2 to 6 meters. The leaves are opposite, glossy, and dark green, with a leathery texture. The flowers are white, with numerous stamens, and are borne singly or in small clusters.

The fruit is a small, round berry, about 2 to 4 cm in diameter, with a thin skin that turns red or yellow when ripe. The flesh is juicy and sweet, with a flavor reminiscent of strawberries, hence the common name. The seeds are small and numerous.

Distribution and Habitat

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Psidium cattleyanum in its natural habitat

Psidium cattleyanum is native to the coastal regions of southeastern Brazil. It thrives in tropical and subtropical climates and is often found in disturbed areas, such as roadsides and abandoned fields.

The species has been introduced to many other regions, including Hawaii, where it has become highly invasive, threatening native ecosystems by forming dense thickets that outcompete native vegetation.

Ecological Impact

Dense thickets of Psidium cattleyanum

In areas where it has been introduced, Psidium cattleyanum can have significant ecological impacts. Its ability to form dense stands can lead to the displacement of native plant species, reducing biodiversity. The plant is also a host for the fruit fly, which can affect agricultural crops.

Efforts to control its spread include mechanical removal, chemical treatments, and biological control methods. However, its rapid growth and ability to resprout from roots make management challenging.

Uses

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Ripe fruit of Psidium cattleyanum

Despite its invasive nature, Psidium cattleyanum is valued for its edible fruit. The fruit can be eaten fresh or used in jams, jellies, and beverages. It is also used in traditional medicine for its purported health benefits.

The wood of Psidium cattleyanum is hard and durable, making it suitable for use in small-scale woodworking projects.

Cultivation

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Inside of a ripe Psidium cattleyanum fruit

Psidium cattleyanum is cultivated in some regions for its fruit. It prefers well-drained soils and can tolerate a range of soil types, from sandy to clayey. The plant is relatively drought-tolerant once established but benefits from regular watering during dry periods.

Propagation is typically by seed, although cuttings can also be used. The plant can be pruned to maintain a desired shape and size.

Related Pages

• Myrtaceae
• Invasive species
• Guava