Pterostilbene

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Pterostilbene is a stilbenoid chemically related to resveratrol, with the chemical formula C16H16O3. It is a type of natural phenol and a phytoalexin produced by plants to combat infections. Pterostilbene is found in small quantities in blueberries and grapes, and it is also present in the heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium (Indian Kino tree).

Chemical Structure and Properties

Pterostilbene is a dimethyl ether derivative of resveratrol. Its structure consists of two phenol rings connected by a 2-carbon ethylene bridge. The presence of two methoxy groups distinguishes it from resveratrol, which has three hydroxyl groups. This structural difference gives pterostilbene higher lipophilicity and better oral bioavailability compared to resveratrol.

Biological Activities

Pterostilbene has been studied for its potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. It is believed to activate the SIRT1 gene, which is associated with longevity and metabolic regulation. Additionally, pterostilbene has shown potential in improving cognitive function and cardiovascular health.

Antioxidant Properties

Pterostilbene acts as an antioxidant by neutralizing free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. This activity helps protect cells from damage and may contribute to its potential health benefits.

Anti-inflammatory Effects

Studies suggest that pterostilbene can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing inflammation. This property is particularly relevant in conditions such as arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.

Anticancer Potential

Research indicates that pterostilbene may have anticancer effects by inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) in cancer cells and inhibiting their proliferation. It has been studied in various types of cancer, including breast cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer.

Sources and Bioavailability

Pterostilbene is naturally found in small amounts in blueberries, grapes, and the heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium. Due to its higher lipophilicity, pterostilbene has better bioavailability compared to resveratrol, meaning it is more easily absorbed and utilized by the body.

Potential Health Benefits

The potential health benefits of pterostilbene include:

• Improved cognitive function and memory
• Enhanced cardiovascular health
• Reduced risk of cancer
• Anti-inflammatory effects
• Antioxidant protection

Safety and Dosage

While pterostilbene is generally considered safe, its long-term effects and optimal dosage are still under investigation. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.

See Also

• Resveratrol
• Stilbenoid
• Antioxidant
• Phytoalexin
• Pterocarpus marsupium

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