Pterygoid canal

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Pterygoid Canal

The Pterygoid Canal (also known as the Vidian Canal) is a canal in the skull that transmits the Vidian nerve, a branch of the facial nerve. It is named after the Pterygoid process, a bony protrusion in the skull, and the Greek word "oid", meaning "like", due to its location and shape.

Etymology[edit | edit source]

The term "Pterygoid" is derived from the Greek words "pteryx" and "eidos", meaning "wing" and "form" respectively. This is in reference to the wing-like shape of the Pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone, where the canal is located. The term "Vidian" is named after Guido Guidi, a 16th-century Italian anatomist who first described the canal.

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

The Pterygoid Canal runs from the foramen lacerum to the pterygopalatine fossa, passing through the sphenoid bone. It transmits the Vidian nerve, a branch of the facial nerve, and the Vidian artery, a branch of the maxillary artery.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Due to its location and the structures it transmits, the Pterygoid Canal is of clinical significance in several medical conditions. These include Vidian nerve neuralgia, a rare condition characterized by severe facial pain, and Vidian neurectomy, a surgical procedure to cut the Vidian nerve in order to treat certain conditions such as chronic rhinitis.

Related Terms[edit | edit source]

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