Purim

Pieter Pietersz. Lastman - The Triumph of Mordechai

Esther Scroll - Google Art Project

Haman defeated

Gan-Shmuel (997008137081605171

Jerusalem Purim street scene

Purim Street Party in Tel aviv (16141244204)

Purim is a Jewish holiday that commemorates the saving of the Jewish people from Haman, who was planning to kill all the Jews. This event is recorded in the Book of Esther, which is found in the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. Purim is celebrated annually according to the Hebrew calendar on the 14th day of the Hebrew month of Adar (and on Adar II in Hebrew leap years, which occur every 2-3 years), the day following the victory of the Jews over their enemies. In cities that were walled at the time of Joshua, such as Jerusalem, Purim is celebrated on the 15th of the month, known as Shushan Purim. The holiday is marked by public readings of the Book of Esther, giving mutual gifts of food and drink, giving charity to the poor, and a celebratory meal; other customs include wearing of masks and costumes, and public celebration.

Origins and History

The origins of Purim are found in the Book of Esther, which details the story of Esther, a Jewish queen of Persia, and her cousin Mordecai, who foil the plot of Haman, the royal vizier to King Ahasuerus, to annihilate the Jews. The name "Purim" comes from the word "pur," meaning "lot," referring to the lots cast by Haman to determine the day on which to carry out his plan.

Celebrations and Customs

Purim is celebrated with a number of customs and traditions. One of the central commandments is the reading of the Megillah, or the Book of Esther, which recounts the story of Purim. This is done once in the evening and again the following morning. Other customs include:

• Mishloach Manot: Sending gifts of food and drink to friends and family.
• Matanot LaEvyonim: Giving charity to at least two needy people.
• Seudat Purim: Participating in a festive meal.
• Wearing costumes and masks, symbolizing the hidden aspects of the Purim story, as Esther initially hid her Jewish identity.
• Public celebrations, including parades and plays, are common.

Significance

Purim is more than a festive holiday; it has deep religious and historical significance. It celebrates the survival of the Jewish people in the face of extermination and highlights themes of identity, bravery, and the triumph of good over evil. The holiday also emphasizes the importance of community and mutual support, as seen in the customs of giving food gifts and charity.

In Modern Times

Today, Purim is celebrated around the world, with each Jewish community bringing its own customs and traditions to the festivities. In Israel, Purim is a particularly joyous time, with parades and street parties. The holiday offers a chance to reflect on Jewish history and identity, and it serves as a reminder of the resilience and solidarity of the Jewish people.