Purple Heart
| Purple_Heart_Medal.png Purple Heart Medal | |
The Purple Heart is a United States military decoration awarded in the name of the President of the United States to those wounded or killed while serving with the U.S. military. It is the oldest military award still given to U.S. military members, originally established by George Washington—then the commander-in-chief of the Continental Army—on August 7, 1782.
History[edit | edit source]
The original Purple Heart, designated as the Badge of Military Merit, was established by George Washington on August 7, 1782, during the American Revolutionary War. The badge was awarded for "any singularly meritorious action" and allowed the wearer to pass guards and sentinels without challenge. The award fell into disuse after the Revolutionary War but was revived on February 22, 1932, the 200th anniversary of Washington's birth, by the order of General Douglas MacArthur.
Criteria[edit | edit source]
The Purple Heart is awarded to members of the armed forces of the United States who are wounded by an instrument of war in the hands of the enemy and posthumously to the next of kin in the name of those who are killed in action or die of wounds received in action. Specific examples of qualifying injuries include injuries caused by enemy bullets, shrapnel, or other projectiles, as well as injuries resulting from enemy-placed mines, bombs, or traps.
Design[edit | edit source]
The modern Purple Heart medal consists of a heart-shaped piece of metal, enameled in purple, within a gold border. Above the heart appears a shield of the Coat of Arms of George Washington between two sprays of green leaves. The reverse side of the medal bears the inscription "For Military Merit" with the recipient's name below.
Notable Recipients[edit | edit source]
Many notable individuals have received the Purple Heart, including:
Related Awards[edit | edit source]
The Purple Heart is often associated with other military awards such as the Medal of Honor, the Silver Star, and the Bronze Star Medal. It is unique in that it is not awarded for bravery or meritorious service but solely for being wounded or killed in action.
See Also[edit | edit source]
- Military awards and decorations of the United States
- Medal of Honor
- Silver Star
- Bronze Star Medal
- Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
References[edit | edit source]
External Links[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
